Sophocles Ajax 211

Thomas Francklin (Translator)

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Teucer
Scene VII.
Come hither, boy, bend down and touch thy
father ;
There sit, and, liolding in thy hands this hair
And liers and thine, the suppHant's humble treasure,
Offer thy pious prayers for thy dead father :
If from yon hostile camp the foe should come
1275
'J'o drive thee hence, far from his native land,
1275
Whoe'er he be, unburied may he lie.
1275
From his whole lace uprooted, torn away,
1275
E'en as this hair which here I cut before thee ;
Oh ! guard it well, my child ; and you my friends.
Behave like men — assist, protect him now,
Till I return, and, spite of all our foes,
Perform the rites, niid raise a tomb to Ajax. [Eocif.
Tecjiessa, Eurysaces, Chorus.
When will the happy hour appear,
That comes to calm our every fear,
From endless toil to bring us sweet repose.
To bid our weary wanderings cease.
To fold us in the arms of peace.
And put the wished-for period to our woes 1
For since the day when first to Troy we came
Nought have we known but grief, reproach, and
shame.
Oh ! that the man, who erst inspired
With honud rage, our Grecians fired
To slaught'rous deeds, and taught them first to fight,
Ere he had learned the dreadful trade,
1280
Himself had mingled with the dead,
1280
Or scattered wide in air, or sunk in endless night !
1280
For oh ! from war unnumbered e\'ils flow,
1280
The unexhausted source of every human woe.
By war disturbed, the genial board
No longer will its sweets aflbrd ;
Their fragrant odoui's round my head
The verdant wreaths no longer spread ;
Nor music's charms my soul delight,
Nor love with rapture crowns the night ;
No love, alas ! for me, but grief and care ;
For when I think of Troy I still despair,
And wet with many a tear my wild dishevelled hair.
Nor nightly fear nor hostile dart;
But all our pleasures now are o'er,
Oh ! could I climb the woody steep
That hangs incumbent o'er the deep.
From Sunium's cliff by waves for ever beat.
Then should my eye the lovely prospect greet,
And smile on sacred Athens rising at my feet.

Ajax. Sophocles. Thomas Francklin (Translator). London. 1758–1759.

Current edition Experimental

English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (4)
Αἴας μαστιγοφόρος First1KGreek (Sophocles. Sophoclis Aiax. Lobeck Christian, editor. Berlin: Weidmann, 1866.) — 215-257 focus
Αἴας First1KGreek (Sophocles. Sophoclis Fabulae. Pearson, Alfred Chilton, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924.) — 214-262 focus
Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 211 focus
λέγ', ἐπεί σε λέχος δουριάλωτον δοριάλωτον δορυάλωτον
Greek (F. Storr, 1912) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. Storr, 1912)) — 214-262 focus
Translations (4)
English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 211 focus
MEN
Yea, through Heaven’s mercy. By his will, I am dead.
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 201 focus
Ihr Führer von Ajas' Schiffe, gezeugt
Aus Erechtheus' Stamm, den die Erde gebar! 1
Wohl jammern wir laut, wir, liebend und treu
200
Um Telamons Haus in der Ferne besorgt;
Denn Ajas, der Held, groß, riesiger Kraft,
Liegt niedergebeugt
Von dem Sturm wildwühlenden Wahnsinns.
English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Robert Potter, 1788)) — 211 focus
Teucer
I see him near, now easy to be known...
English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904)) — 214-260 focus

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-754-1 ἑρκέων … ἐγκεκλῃμένους 1

mvp-comment-754-2 ἑρκέων 2

mvp-comment-755-1 τὸ μηδὲν ὄντας 3

mvp-comment-755-2 ἐν τροπῇ δορός 4

mvp-comment-756-1 ἀμφὶ μὲν νεῶν … ἑδωλίοις 5

mvp-comment-756-2 (1) There is strong evidence that the term

ἑδώλια
was used in the 5th cent. B.C. to denote a raised deck, a quarter-deck, at the stern of the ship. This is clear in Her. 1. 24 : Arion asks leave,
στάντα ἐν τοῖσι ἑδωλίοισι ἀεῖσαι
: the officers of the ship consent, and are then said
ἀναχωρῆσαι ἐκ τῆς πρύμνης ἐς μέσην νέα
,— leaving Arion alone on the
ἑδώλια
. In Helen. 1571,
Ἑλένη καθέζετ’ ἐν μέσοις ἑδωλίοις
: which is clearly a place distinct from that where the rowers sat; of them it is said,
τοίχους δεξιοὺς λαιούς τ’ ἴσοι | ἀνὴρ παρ’ ἄνδρ’ ἕζοντο
. (For further evidence on this point, see Appendix.)

mvp-comment-756-3 (2) ἄκροισιν 6

mvp-comment-756-4 (3) ναυτικοῖς 7

mvp-comment-756-5 Other views of the passage, and some emendations which have been proposed, will be found in the Appendix.

mvp-comment-757-1 εἰς δὲ ναυτικὰ σκάφη … τάφρων ὕπερ 8

mvp-comment-757-2 Sophocles may have had some other source, epic or lyric. But it seems equally possible that he wrote from a general recollection of the Iliad, without caring whether he reproduced its details. Indeed, two verses of the Iliad might alone have sufficed to suggest the picture which he has drawn,—that which says of Ajax,

Τρῶας ἄμυνε νεῶν, ὅστις φέροι ἀκάματον πῦρ
(15. 731),—and the verse which describes Hector leading the Trojans from the Greek wall towards the ships,—
ᾗ ῥ) ὅ γ’ ὁ λυσσώδης φλογὶ εἴκελος ἡγεμονεύει
(13. 53).

mvp-comment-758-1 οὗ σὺ μή, βῆναι ποδί 9 οὐδὲ συμβῆναι ποδί 10 συμβῆναι ποδί 11

mvp-comment-759-1 ὑμὶν … ἔνδικα 12

mvp-comment-760-1 αὐτὸς 13

mvp-comment-760-2 λαχών τε κἀκέλευστος 14

mvp-comment-760-3 This combat between Hector and Ajax is told in Iliad 7. 38—312. Hector having challenged a Greek champion, nine Greek chiefs offered themselves; lots were cast, and the honour fell to Ajax. Hector and Ajax fought till nightfall, when they were parted by heralds, and exchanged gifts (1029 n.).

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

1274. mvp-comment-813-1 ἑρκέων] Sc. ἔσω, implied in ἐγκεκλημένους. When the Greeks were driven within their lines, their own ramparts were like a trap in which they were caught.

1275. mvp-comment-814-1 ἐν τροπῇ δορός] ‘When the battle was already turned against you:' —when the rout had begun.

1276-1278. mvp-comment-815-1 ἀμφὶ.. φλέγοντος] ‘When around the ships the fire already blazed so as to scorch the quarter-decks.' The ships being fired from the stern, whatever was most combustible abaft each vessel would first catch fire. ἑδωλίοις] This is commonly explained to mean 'the rowers' benches,' in which case ἄκροισιν is difficult to explain. But several passages indicate that ἑδώλια was the name given to those places in the vessel, chiefly at the stern, where persons not engaged in working her might sit. See the gloss on this line in Pal. R. 34, σανιδώμασιν, —also the Scholiast on Lycophr. 296, quoted by Dindorf in Steph. Thes. s. v. ἐξ ἑδωλίων πηδῶντες] τῶν σανιδωμάτων καὶ καταστρωμάτων τῆς νεώς: Etym. Magn. p. 455, 4 (ibid.), τόπον τῆς νεὼς βάσιν ἔχοντα .. ὁ καὶ ἑδώλιόν φασιν: and cp. Eur. Hel. 1571, Ἑλένη καθέζετ᾽ ἐν μέσοις ἐδωλίοις, ib. 1602, 3, παρακέλευσμα δ᾽ ἦν | πρύμνηθεν Ἑλένης (had she left the midmost benches, no doubt finding them uncomfortable, for the stern?): also Hdt. 1. 211, στάντα ἐν τοῖσι ἑδωλίοισι (evidently a platform in a particular part of the ship). This agrees with other meanings of the word. ἄκροισι means the part of the ἑδώλια towards the extreme stern. Cp. Od. 9. 540, οἰήϊον ἄκρον ἱκέσθαι. The whole description is probably taken from an Αἴαντος ἀριστεία, differing in some particulars from the Iliad, as, for instance, in ignoring the part taken by Patroclus in the defence of the ships. Hence no attempt need be made to reconcile the picture of Hector rushing with high bounds to cross the trench and board the fleet, with the narrative in Il. 14. 15.

1281. mvp-comment-816-1 ὂν.. ποδί] 'Who, as thou sayest, on no occasion set his foot by thine.' What Agamemnon said, supr. 1237, was different from this; but Teucer speaks with the exaggeration of anger. Cp. Ant. 208, 485, and note. For the expression, cp. Shak. Julius Caesar, 1. 3, '... And I will set this foot of mine as far | As who goes farthest.'

1282. mvp-comment-817-1 'I wonder if in this you find a righteous act of Ajax'?' ὑμίν, not = εἰς ὑμᾶς, but a dative of reference in construction with the whole sentence.

1283. mvp-comment-818-1 χὤτ᾽ αὖθις] ὅτε resumes ἡνίκα, supr. 1273, without any precise antecedent, though ἆρ᾽ οὐκ ἐνδίκως ἔδρασεν; may be supplied from the preceding line. αὐτός]· 'By himself,' and not now in conjunction with the Atreidae.

1284. mvp-comment-819-1 κἀκέλευστος. See Il. 7. 164.

1284-1287. mvp-comment-820-1 The spirit of these lines agrees with Il. 7. 186-9, ἀλλ᾿ ὅτε δὴ τὸν ἴκανε, φέρων ἀν᾿ ὅμιλον ἁπάντη, | ὅς μιν ἐπιγράψας κυνέῃ βάλε, φαίδιμος Αἴας, | ἤτοι ὑπέσχεθε χεῖρ᾽ ὁ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἔμβαλεν, ἄγχι παραστάς | γνῶ δὲ κλήρου σῆμα ἰδών, γήθησε δὲ θυμῷ.