Sophocles Antigone 152

Robert Potter (Translator)

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Chorus
1115
Go thou, nor others with this charge entrust.
1115
Instant I go. You, my attendants, haste,
1115
With axes in your hands haste to the plain...
And I (since now my sentence is reversed)
Who bound her, will in person set her free....
I fear that to preserve the ancient laws
Through all his life is man's discreetest part.
1120
O thou by various names renown'd,
1120
The Theban Nymph's illustrious grace,
Sprung from enraptur'd Jove's embrace,
While all his awful thunders roll'd around;
Who joy'st thy richest gifts to pour
O'er blest Italia's favour'd shore,
And on the hallow'd Eleusinian plain
Where Ceres waves her ripen'd gold,
1125
With her thy mystic reign dost hold;
1125
1126
God of the shouting Thyad train,
Pleased o'er the walls, which thy loved Thebes enclose,
A present guardian to preside,
Where deep Ismenus rolls his tide,
'Midst the fierce race that from the dragon rose !
1130
Thee saw the wild and rocky steep,
1130
Whose forked summits proudly rise,
And stretch their rude brows to the skies,
Where the Corycian Nymphs their orgies keep:
Thee, the flames blazing on the mount:
• Thee, pure Castalia's sacred fount:
Thee, the Nysæan mountain's craggy sides,
O'er which the mantling ivy twines:
The swelling hillocks green with vines,
Whose purple fruit their foliage hides;
1135
And waking harmony's enchanting pow'rs,
1135
1137
On thee attends thy raptur'd train,
Raises the high immortal strain,
And hails thee guardian of the Theban tow'rs.
The Theban tow'rs their rampires rear,
Thy guardian care their boast, their pride;
1140
They to thy mother too were dear,
1140
Who in the flaming thunder died.
Now, while her banners Discord waves,
While through our streets Confusion raves,
Prompt to avert our threaten'd woe
Haste from the steep Parnassian brow,
1145
Or from Euboea's groaning shore,
1145
1146
And to thy Thebans peace restore!
Thou leader of the starry train
That flaming bursts upon the sight;
Director of th' harmonious strain
Whose sweet notes charm the ear of night,
Hear, son of Jove, O Bacchus, hear,
Bright in thy form divine appear
1150
Thy frentic Nymphs from Naxos lead,
1150
The frolic dance who lightly tread,
And, as around their god they stand,
Hail thee the leader of their band!

Antigone. Sophocles. Robert Potter (Translator). London. 1820.

Current edition Experimental

English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Robert Potter, 1788))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (12)
Greek (L. Benloew, 1858) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (L. Benloew, 1858)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (A. Boeckh, 1884) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Boeckh, 1884)) — 152 focus
Κρέων ὁ Μενοικέως νέον εἰληχὼς
Greek (F. H. Bothe, 1806) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. H. Bothe, 1806)) — 152 focus
νυχίοις πάντας ἐπέλθωμεν· ὁ Θήβας
Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (A. Colonna, 1978) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Colonna, 1978)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (A. Dain, 1955) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Dain, 1955)) — 152.mvp-line-152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (R. D. Dawe, 1979) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (R. D. Dawe, 1979)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (G. Hermann, 1830) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (G. Hermann, 1830)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (R. C. Jebb, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (R. C. Jebb, 1906)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς 5
Greek (A. C. Pearson, 1924) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. C. Pearson, 1924)) — 152.mvp-line-152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Antigone (OCR draft) Experimental (Antigone) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Greek (K. Reinhardt, 1949) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (K. Reinhardt, 1949)) — 152 focus
θεῶν δὲ ναοὺς χοροῖς
Translations (10)
German (A. Boeckh, 1884) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (A. Boeckh, 1884)) — 152 focus
HÄMON.
Nicht irgend Ungerechtes; bin ich aber jung,
705
Muſs nicht die Jahre mehr man als die Sachen schaun.
Spanish (J. A. Bolufer, 1921) (OCR draft) Experimental (Spanish (J. A. Bolufer, 1921)) — 152 focus
CREONTE
¿No se dice que la ciudad es del que manda?
Latin (F. H. Bothe, 1806) (OCR draft) Experimental (Latin (F. H. Bothe, 1806)) — 152 focus
Creon
Non imperantis censetur esse civitas?
English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 152 focus
CR
Is not the city in the sovereign’s hand?
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 155 focus
Doch hier naht Kreon, Menökeus' Sohn,
155
Zum König der Stadt auf's Neue bestellt
Nach dem neuen Geschick, das Götter verhängt:
Was sinnt er im Geist, was bewegt ihm die Brust,
Daß er diesen Verein von Greisen hieher
Zur Berathung entbot,
160
Durch Heroldruse sie einlud?
Kreon mit Gefolge. Der Chor.
English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 152 focus
Creon
[to the Chorus]. He pleads the woman's
740
cause.
740
Spanish (A. G. Garbin, 1889) (OCR draft) Experimental (Spanish (A. G. Garbin, 1889)) — 152 focus
CREONTE
724 ¿Con que á mis años he de recibir yo lecciones de un mozo de esta edad? THEMÓN Me parece que nada he dicho fuera de razón. Soy joven ciertamente; pero no es mi edad lo que eonviene examinar, sino mi consejo.
German (F. Hölderlin, 1804) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (F. Hölderlin, 1804)) — 152 focus
HAEMON
Wenn du das Weib bist. Deinetwillen sorg’ ich.
770
English (Sir Richard Jebb1, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb1, 1904)) — 152 focus
Creon
Is not the city held to be the ruler’s?
English (Sir Richard Jebb2, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb2, 1904)) — 162-330 focus

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-675-1 πολυώνυμε 1

mvp-comment-675-2 Καδμείας 3

mvp-comment-675-3 ἄγαλμα 4

mvp-comment-675-4 νύμφας 5 βαρυβρεμέτα 6

mvp-comment-676-1 The traditional reading, Ἰταλίαν 7

mvp-comment-676-2 The only worthy rival of

Ἰταλίαν
is the conjecture Ἰκαρίαν 8 Ἰταλίαν 9

mvp-comment-677-1 παγκοίνοις 10

mvp-comment-677-2

πάγκοινον ἐς χώραν
(Olympia).

mvp-comment-677-3 κόλποις 11

mvp-comment-677-4 Ἐλευσι^νίας 12 ι^ 13

mvp-comment-678-1 Βακχεῦ 14 ὦ 15 ὁ 16 ματρόπολιν 17

mvp-comment-678-2 ματρόπολιν 18

mvp-comment-679-1 L has ὑγρὸν … ῥέεθρον 19 ὑγρῶν … ῥεέθρων 20 ῥεῖθρον 21 ὑγρόν 22 παρά 23 ῥεῖθρον 24 ὑγρόν 25

mvp-comment-679-2 Ἰσμηνοῦ 26

mvp-comment-680-1 ἐπὶ σπορᾷ δρ. 27

mvp-comment-681-1 The general sense is: ‘and on the heights of Parnassus thou holdest thy revels by night amid the Corycian Nymphs, who brandish torches.’

mvp-comment-681-2 διλόφου πέτρας 28

mvp-comment-681-3 By ὑπὲρ διλόφου πέτρας 29

mvp-comment-681-4 λιγνύς 30 στέροψ 31

mvp-comment-681-5 ὄπωπε 32

mvp-comment-681-6 Κωρύκιαι … Νύμφαι 33

mvp-comment-681-7 The simple transposition, στείχουσι νύμφαι 34

mvp-comment-682-1 Κασταλίας τε νᾶμα 35

mvp-comment-683-1 καί σε Νυσαίων 36

mvp-comment-684-1 κισσήρεις ὄχθαι 37

mvp-comment-684-2 for the fact was noticed in antiquity (schol. on Aratus Phaenom. 33). Thus Pind. P. 1. 64

ὄχθαις ὕπο Ταϋγέτου
: Eur. Suppl. 655
Ἰσμήνιον πρὸς ὄχθον
.—The
κισσός
was to Dionysus what the
δάφνη
was to Apollo. The crowning with ivy (
κίσσωσις
) was a regular incident of his festivals: he was called
κισσεύς, κισσοκόμης, κισσοχαίτης
. Cp. Alciphron Epist. 2. 3 § 10
μὰ τὸν Διόνυσον καὶ τοὺς Βακχικοὺς αὐτοῦ κισσούς
. F. 3. 767
hedera est gratissima Baccho.

mvp-comment-685-1 πολυστάφυλος 38

mvp-comment-685-2 πέμπει 39

mvp-comment-686-1 The words ἀμβρότων ἐπέων 40

mvp-comment-686-2 εὐαζόντων 41

mvp-comment-687-1 τὰν ἐκ πασᾶν 42 τάν 43 ἐκ 44 ὑπερτάταν 45

mvp-comment-688-1 κεραυνίᾳ 46

mvp-comment-689-1 ἔχεται ἐπὶ βιαίας νόσου 47 ὑπό 48 ἔχεται 49 βιαι^ας 50 ἀμὰ 51 πόλις 52

mvp-comment-689-2 πάνδαμος 53

mvp-comment-690-1 μολεῖν 54

mvp-comment-690-2 καθαρσίῳ 55

mvp-comment-690-3 κλιτύν 56

mvp-comment-690-4 πορθμόν 57

mvp-comment-690-5 στονόεντα 58

mvp-comment-691-1 πνειόντων 59 πνειόντων 60

mvp-comment-691-2 Other conjectures are: (1) ἰὼ πύρπνων ἄστρων χοραγὲ καὶ νυχίων 61 πῦρ πνεόντων χοραγὲ καὶ νυχίων 62 χοραγὲ ἄστρων 63

mvp-comment-691-3 originally preceded

χοραγέ
. Neglect of elision is frequent in L: thus, to take one play only, the O. C. supplies these examples: 266
τἀμά· ἐπεὶ
: 694
ἔστιν δὲ οἶον
: 883
τάδε. ὕβρις
: 915
κύρια ὦδε
: 1026
θηρῶντα ἡ τύχη
: 1210
ἴσθι, ἐάνπερ
. The deletion of καί 64 νυχίων 65

mvp-comment-691-4 χοράγ’ ἄστρων 66

mvp-comment-691-5 νυχίων φθεγμάτων 67

mvp-comment-692-1 παῖ Διὸς 68

mvp-comment-693-1 ὦναξ 69

mvp-comment-694-1 Θυίαισιν 70

mvp-comment-694-2 χορεύουσι 71

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

1115. mvp-comment-644-1 In the excitement of a desperate hope caused by the late repentance of Creon, the chorus break forth into a joyous invocation to Dionysus, accompanied with dancing or gesticulation, as appears in comparing the similar canticle in Aj. 693, where the chorus are under the excitement of a similar delusive expectation. Cp. Tr. 205-224. The Dionysiac worship, of which the tragic poet is a votary, is associated with the mystic hopes which Creon denied, supr. 780.

1115. mvp-comment-644-2 Glory of Semele, child of Zeus, Thou that tendest Campania And rulest in Eleusis' mystic vale, Dwelling, where thy votaries dwell, In Thebes by Ismenus' waters, Presiding o'er the dragon's brood: Seen o'er the forked height By the pitchy flame, Where move the Bacchic nymphs of Corycus, Where is the Castalian fount: And ushered on thy way to visit Thebe's roads By the ivy-clad banks of Nysean mountains, And the bloomy shore with many a cluster, While the shout of the immortal strain resounds. Thebè thou honourest far above all cities, Thou and thy mother whom the lightning glorified. And now that our whole multitude Is overtaken by misfortune dire, Appear with healing tread, Over the Parnassian steep Or groaning narrow sea. Thou that leadest up the dance of the fire-breathing stars, Visitant of nightly voices, Son born of Zeus, Rise with thy attendant Maenads, Who, all night long. Celebrate thee with dances, Iacchus, the dispenser of their joys.

1115. mvp-comment-644-3 This ode has been variously arranged. The arrangement in the text is that of Böckh, with a few slight changes. a'. First strophe and antistrophe. ICICIC lululuclalalclcl luclcla 5----- 다 !トーート​し​cita ICICーートト β'. Second strophe and antistrophe. ト​CICICに The prevailing rhythm is logaoedic, with frequent syncope (or antispastic movement), long syllables in thesi, and occasional resolution both of arsis and thesis. Each strophe begins with an anacrusis.

1115. mvp-comment-644-4 πολυώνυμε Schol. ὦ Διόνυσε· οἱ μὲν γὰρ Βάκχον, οἱ δὲ Ιακχον, οἱ δὲ Λύαιον, οἱ δὲ Εὔιον, οἱ δὲ Διθύραμβον αὐτὸν καλοῦσιν. Bacchus is claimed as a Theban God, and at the same time, the wide extent of his dominion is celebrated.

1115. mvp-comment-644-5 ἄγαλμα Delight, or Glory. The word expresses the pride taken by a mother in her child. Plat. Tim. 37 D, τῶν ἀϊδίων θεῶν γεγονὸς ἄγαλμα: Eur. Suppl. 370, ματέρος ἄγαλμα.

1118. mvp-comment-645-1 κλυτὰν .. Ἰταλίαν The mention of Italy is singular, but hardly more so than that of Naxos in connection with Dionysus. The aim of the song being to celebrate the universality of his empire, it is not wonderful that allusion should be made to Italy, quam gravidae fruges et Bacchi Massicus humor Implevere, Virg. Georg. 2. 143. And if Italy was mentioned by Sophocles in the Triptolemus in connection with Demeter, why not here in connection with Bacchus? Fr. 540 N. Ut.. Sophocles poeta in fabula Triptolemo frumentum Italicum ante cuncta laudaverit, ad verbum translata sententia Et fortunatam Italiam frumento canere candido. Plin. H. N. 18. 12. Some edd. substitute Ἰκαρίαν, an eastward deme of Attica, and a seat of Dionysiac worship.

1120. mvp-comment-646-1 In the all-receiving bosom of Eleusinian Demeter;' i. e. In the vale of Eleusis, where the mystae from all parts of Greece were received. Cp. Pind. Ol. 14. 23, κόλποις Πίσας: Hdt. 4.99, κόλπου . . ἀγομένου τῆς γῆς ταύτης, and esp. Aristoph. Ran. 373, χώρει νυν πᾶς ἀνδρείως | ἐς τοὺς εὐανθεῖς κόλπους | λειμώνων, κ.τ.λ.

1123-1124. mvp-comment-647-1 παρ' ὑγρὸν Ἰσμηνοῦ ῥεῖθρον] Some have preferred, chiefly for metrical reasons, the Triclinian reading παρ᾽ ὑγρῶν .. ῥεέθρων, for which compare supr. 1. 966.

1125. mvp-comment-648-1 ἐπί Cp. Τr. 356, τἀπὶ Λυδοῖς.

1126-1127. mvp-comment-649-1 στέροψ.. λιγνύς The blinding torch-flame hath beheld. There is an opposition of sound rather than of sense in στέροψ ὄπωπε. Cp. Eur. Phoen. 226, ὦ λάμπουσα πέτρα πυρὸς | δικόρυφον σέλας ὑπὲρ ἄκρων | Βακχείων Διονύσου, where the succeeding lines also deserve to be compared with the description of Mount Parnassus in this passage. The fabled fire on Mount Parnassus was commonly explained of the torches of the Maenads, and seems to have been so understood by Sophocles.

1128. mvp-comment-650-1 Κωρύκιαι So named from the Corycian cave on Mount Parnassus. Aesch. Eum. 22, σέβω δὲ νύμφας, ἔνθα Κωρυκὶς πέτρα, | κοίλη, φίλορνις, δαιμόνων ἀναστροφαί.

1130. mvp-comment-651-1 Κασταλίας.. νᾶμα (1) Sc.

1130. mvp-comment-651-2 ὄπωπέ σε, or (2) ἔνθα Κασταλίας νᾶμα, sc. ἐστί. Probably the latter (2).

1131-1136. mvp-comment-652-1 Νυσαίων. ἀγυιάς Bacchus is imagined as leaving the throng of revellers, who follow in his train along the Nysaean slopes in Euboea, and as crossing the sounding frith' (1. 1145) to visit the streets of Thebes.

1133. mvp-comment-653-1 χλωρά Lustrous with fresh green. The word suggests the richness of young vegetation, especially of the vine. See Essay on Language p. 103. Stephanus in Νύσαι .. δεκάτη ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ, ἔνθα διὰ μιᾶς ἡμέρας τὴν ἄμπελόν φασιν ἀνθεῖν, καὶ τὸν βότρυν πεπαίνεσθαι.

1134. mvp-comment-654-1 By adding *τῶν in this line, and reading ῥεῖθρον in 1124, we obtain ーーム​, a diiambus followed by an epitritus, and a trochee or spondee.

1140. mvp-comment-655-1 νύν, νῦν, as in Pindar.

1141. mvp-comment-656-1 έχεται Cp. Plat. Legg. 10. 887 Ε, ἐν συμφοραῖς παντοίαις ἐχομένων.

1141. mvp-comment-656-2 ἐπὶ νόσου] See Essay on Language § 19. p. 27.

1143. mvp-comment-657-1 μολεῖν

Der Inf. giebt etwas kindlich frommes.
Wecklein.

1146-1147. mvp-comment-658-1 πῦρ πνεόντων *ἄστρων χοραγέ*] Cp. Ar. Ran. 341-342, Ιακχ᾽, ὦ Ιακχε, νυκτέρου τελετῆς φωσφόρος ἀστήρ. Bacchus is lord and leader of the sights and sounds of night. The stars in their courses hold revel with his torchbearers: the voices of the night are wakened by their shouting. This is more probable than an allusion to the mystical notion that Bacchus was an impersonation of the sun. I have ventured to retain καί, transposing the two preceding words and scanning πνεόντων as a spondee by synizesis.

1146-1147. mvp-comment-658-2 πυρπνεόντων may be taken as a compound. Cp. Hom. Il. 7. 310, άελπτεοντες.

1149. mvp-comment-659-1 παῖ Διὸς γένεθλον i.e. as Hermann says, παῖ Διὸς γεγώς. Ever youthful offspring of Zeus.

1150. mvp-comment-660-1 Ναξίαις i.e. From Ariadne's island.

1152. mvp-comment-661-1 τὸν ταμίαν The word ταμίας, as appears from its use in Pindar, had in Doric Greek the special meaning of Lord (cp. the Anglo-Saxon Hlafford): and may have been a favourite attribute of Bacchus in this sense.