Sophocles Antigone 183

Lewis Campbell (Translator)

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

View: By Card

← Previous Next →

CH
853

Thy boldness mounted high,

And thou, my child, ’gainst the great pedestal

Of Justice with unmeasured force didst fall.
855

Thy father’s lot still presseth hard on thee.

Antigone. Sophocles. Lewis Campbell (Translator). London, New York and Toronto. 1906.

Current edition Experimental

English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (12)

Greek (L. Benloew, 1858) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (L. Benloew, 1858)) — 183 focus

ἐγὼ γὰρ, ἴστω Ζεὺς ὁ πάνθ᾽ ὁρῶν ἀεὶ,

Greek (A. Boeckh, 1884) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Boeckh, 1884)) — 183 focus

οὔτ᾽ ἂν φίλον πότ᾽ ἄνδρα δυσμενῆ χθονὸς

Greek (F. H. Bothe, 1806) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. H. Bothe, 1806)) — 183 focus

οὔτ’ ἂν σιωπήσαιμι, τὴν ἄτην ὁρῶν

Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (A. Colonna, 1978) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Colonna, 1978)) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (A. Dain, 1955) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Dain, 1955)) — 183.mvp-line-183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (R. D. Dawe, 1979) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (R. D. Dawe, 1979)) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (G. Hermann, 1830) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (G. Hermann, 1830)) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (R. C. Jebb, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (R. C. Jebb, 1906)) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (A. C. Pearson, 1924) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. C. Pearson, 1924)) — 183.mvp-line-183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Antigone (OCR draft) Experimental (Antigone) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Greek (K. Reinhardt, 1949) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (K. Reinhardt, 1949)) — 183 focus

φίλον νομίζει, τοῦτον οὐδαμοῦ λέγω.

Translations (9)

German (A. Boeckh, 1884) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (A. Boeckh, 1884)) — 183 focus

CHOR.

Der Mann, o König, ging von hinnen rasch im Zorn;

so junger Sinn droht schweres Leid in seinem Schmerz.

Spanish (J. A. Bolufer, 1921) (OCR draft) Experimental (Spanish (J. A. Bolufer, 1921)) — 183 focus

ANTIGONA

823 Ya oi oí contar la deplorabilisima deplorabilísima muerte de la extranjera Frigia, hija de Tántalo, en la cima del Sipilo, a la cual, como espesa hiedra, ciñó por todas partes el brote de la piedra; y ni las lluvias, según dicen los hombres, ni la nieve dejan que su cadáver se corrompa, sino que de sus ojos, que no cesan de llorar, humedece los collados. De modo muy semejante al de aquélla en el lecho me tiende el destino.

Latin (F. H. Bothe, 1806) (OCR draft) Experimental (Latin (F. H. Bothe, 1806)) — 183 focus

Antigone

823 Sane audivi Phrygiam hospitam, Tantali filiam , miserrimam per« lisse summo in Sipylo, quam, velut hedera, durum saxi perdomuit incrementum; neque nunc imbres tabefactam , ut fama vulgi est, neque nix umquam deserit, sed irrigat cum manantibusoculis et cervices: cuime Fatum simillimam consopit.

German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 162 focus

Ihr Männer, fest hob Götterhuld uns wiederum

Aus vieler Stürme wildem Drang die Stadt empor:

Doch euch beschied ich jezt allein aus Allen her

Durch meine Boten; denn ich weiß, daß allezeit
165

Ihr heilig ehrtet Thron und Macht des Laïos,

Und wieder, als uns Dedipus die Stadt erhob,

Und als er hingeschieden, auch den Söhnen noch

In wandellosem Sinne treu ergeben bliebt.

Nun diese Beiden durch ein zwiefach Todesloos
170

An Einem Tag gefallen, sich erschlagend und

Erschlagen durch der eignen Hände Gräuelthat:

So wurden mein die Throne, mein ward alle Macht

Der Todten nach dem Rechte stammverwandten Bluts.

Wohl ist's unmöglich, auszuspäh'n an jedem Mann
175

Verstand, Gemüth und Sinnesart, bevor er sich

Mit Aemtern und Gesezen wohlvertraut bewies.

Denn mir erscheint, wer einen ganzen Staat beherrscht,

Und nicht am besten Rathe sich zu halten weiß,

Ja, feig und furchtsam seinen Mund verschlossen hält,
180

Verworfen scheint er heute mir und schien es längst.

Und wer des eignen Landes Wohl nicht höher stellt,

Als seine Freunde, diesen acht' ich völlig Nichts.

Denn ich vernehm' es Zeus, der stets allsehende!

Ich schwiege niemals, säh' ich auf die Bürger je
185

Heran das Unglück schreiten an des Glückes Statt,

Noch werd' ich jemals einen Feind des Landes mir

Zum Freunde wählen, weil ich wohl erkenne, daß

Nur dieses uns behütet, daß uns Freunde treu

Zur Seite stehen, schiffen wir an seinem Bord.
190

Durch solche Sazung heb' ich diese Stadt empor;

Und dem entsprechend ließ ich jezt von Dedipus'

Zwei Söhnen allem Volke-laut verkündigen:

Eteokles, welcher kämpfend fiel für diese Stadt,

Und jeden Preis des Heldenmuthes sich errang,
195

Er soll ein Grab und alle Grabesweih'n empfah'n,

So wie's den Besten folgt hinab zur Todtenwelt;¹

Doch seinem Bruder - Polyneikes mein' ich, der

Das Land der Ahnen und die Götter dieser Flur,

Heimkehrend aus dem Banne, durch des Feuers Glut
200

Austilgen wollte, wollte sich in Bürgerblut

Satt schwelgen, euch zu Knechten frech entwürdigen,

Ihm dürfe, so ward eurer Stadt es kundgethan,

Niemand ein Grabmal schmücken, noch ihm Klage weih'n;

Nein, unbestattet lieg' er, zur Verstümmelung,
205

Zum Fraß für Hund' und Vögel, graunvoll anzuseh'n.

So lautet denn mein Wille: niemals werden wir

Dem Schlechten Ehre geben vor dem Redlichen;

Doch wer da wohlwill dieser Stadt, der wird im Tod

Und Leben gleicherweise stets von mir geehrt.
210

Der Chor.

English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 183 focus

Chorus
853

Rashness like thine must meet with such

reward ;

A father's crimes, I fear, lie heavy on thee.

Spanish (A. G. Garbin, 1889) (OCR draft) Experimental (Spanish (A. G. Garbin, 1889)) — 183 focus

EL CORO

¡Oh, Rey! Se ha marchado transportado de cólera. De un corazón como el suyo, hay que temer algo grave en la vehemencia de su dolor.

German (F. Hölderlin, 1804) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (F. Hölderlin, 1804)) — 183 focus

CHOR

Mitwohnend Lebenden nicht und nicht Gestorbnen.

Forttreibend bis zur Scheide der Kühnheit,

Bis auf die Höhe des Rechts

Bist du, o Kind, wohl tiefgefallen,
885

Stirbst aber väterlichen Kampf.

English (Sir Richard Jebb1, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb1, 1904)) — 183 focus

Chorus

834 Yet she was a goddess, thou knowest, and born of gods; we are mortals, and of mortal race. But ’tis great renown for a woman who hath perished that she should have shared the doom of the godlike, in her life, and afterward in death.

English (Sir Richard Jebb2, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb2, 1904)) — 162-330 focus

Enter Creon, with two attendants.

Creon

My fellow citizens! First, the gods, after tossing the fate of our city on wild waves, have once more righted it. Second, I have ordered you through my messengers to come here

apart from all the rest, because I knew, first of all, how constant was your reverence for the power of the throne of Laius; how, again, you were reverent, when Oedipus was guiding our city; and lastly, how, when he was dead, you still maintained loyal thoughts towards his children.
165

Since, then, these latter have fallen in one day by a twofold doom—each striking, each struck, both with the stain of a brother’s murder—I now possess all the power and the throne according to my kinship with the dead.
170

Now, it is impossible to know fully any man’s character, will, or judgment, until he has been proved by the test of rule and law-giving. For if anyone who directs the entire city does not cling to the best and wisest plans,
175

but because of some fear keeps his lips locked, then, in my judgment, he is and has long been the most cowardly traitor. And if any man thinks a friend more important than his fatherland, that man, I say, is of no account. Zeus, god who sees all things always, be my witness—
180

I would not be silent if I saw ruin, instead of safety, marching upon the citizens. Nor would I ever make a man who is hostile to my country a friend to myself, because I know this, that our country is the ship that bears us safe, and that only when
185

we sail her on a straight course can we make true friends. Such are the rules by which I strengthen this city. Akin to these is the edict which I have now published to the citizenry concerning the sons of Oedipus: Eteocles, who fell fighting
190

in behalf of our city and who excelled all in battle, they shall entomb and heap up every sacred offering that descends to the noblest of the dead below. But as for his brother, Polyneices, I mean, who on his return from exile wanted to burn to the ground
195

the city of his fathers and his race’s gods, and wanted to feed on kindred blood and lead the remnant into slavery—it has been proclaimed to the city that no one shall give him funeral honors or lamentation,
200

but all must leave him unburied and a sight of shame, with his body there for birds and dogs to eat. This is my will, and never will I allow the traitor to stand in honor before the just. But whoever has good will to Thebes ,
205

he shall be honored by me in death as in life.
210

211

Chorus

That is your will, Creon, towards this city’s enemy and its friend. And the power is yours, I believe, to make use of every law whatsoever, both concerning the dead and all us who live.

Creon

See, then, that you be guardians of my commands.
215

Chorus

Lay the weight of this task on some younger man.

Creon

That is not what I meant—the guards for the corpse are already in place.

Chorus

Then what is this other command that you would give?

Creon

That you not give way to the breakers of my commands.

Chorus

There is no one so foolish as to crave death.
220

Creon

I assure you, that is the wage for disobedience. Yet by just the hope of it, money has many times corrupted men.

Enter Guard.

Guard

My king, I will not say that I arrive breathless because of speed, or from the action of a swift foot.

For often I brought myself to a stop because of my thoughts, and wheeled round in my path to return. My mind was telling me many things: Fool, why do you go to where your arrival will mean your punishment? Idiot, are you dallying again? If Creon learns it from another, must you not suffer for it?
225

So debating, I made my way unhurriedly, slow, and thus a short road was made long. At last, however, the view prevailed that I should come here—to you. Even if my report brings no good, still will I tell you,
230

since I come with a good grip on one hope, that I can suffer nothing except what is my fate.
235

237

Creon

And what is it that so disheartens you?

Guard

I want to tell you first about myself—I did not do the deed, nor did I see the doer,

so it would be wrong that I should come to any harm.
240

Creon

Like a bowman you aim well at your target from a distance, and all around you hedge yourself off well from the deed. It is clear that you have some unheard-of thing to tell.

Guard

That I do, for terrible news imposes great hesitation.

Creon

Then tell it, will you, and so unburdened go away?

Guard

Well, here it is. The corpse—some one has just given it burial and disappeared after sprinkling thirsty dust on the flesh and performing the other rites that piety demands.
245

Creon

What are you saying? What man dared do this?

Guard

I do not know. For there was no scar of a pickax to be seen there,

no earth thrown up by a mattock. The ground was hard and dry, unbroken, not rolled over by wheels. The doer was someone who left no trace. When the first day-watchman showed it to us, a discomforting amazement fell on us all.
250

The dead man was veiled from us—not shut within a tomb, but a light cover of dust was on him, as if put there by the hand of one who shunned a curse. And no sign was visible that any beast of prey or any dog had approached or torn him. Then evil words flew thick and loud among us,
255

guard accusing guard. It would even have come to blows in the end, nor was there anyone there to prevent it: every man was the culprit, and no one was plainly guilty, while all disclaimed knowledge of the act. We were ready to take red-hot iron in our hands,
260

to walk through fire and to swear oaths by the gods that we had neither done the deed, nor shared knowledge of the planning or the doing. At last, when our investigating got us nowhere, someone spoke up and made us all bend our faces
265

in fear towards the earth. For we did not know how we could argue with him, nor yet prosper, if we did what he said. His argument was that the deed must be reported to you and not hidden. This view prevailed, and so it was that
270

the lot doomed miserable me to win this prize. So here I stand, as unwelcome to you as I am unwilling, I well know. For no man delights in the bearer of bad news.
275

278

Chorus

My king, my thoughts have long been deliberating whether this deed is somehow the work of gods?

Creon

Quiet, before your words truly fill me with rage, so that you not be found at the same time foolish as well as old. You say what is intolerable when you claim that the gods have concern for that corpse. Was it in high esteem for his benefactions
280

that they sought to hide him, when he had come to burn their columned shrines, their sacred treasures and their land, and scatter its laws to the winds? Or do you see the gods honoring the wicked? It cannot be. No! From the very first
285

certain men of the city were chafing at this edict and muttering against me, tossing their heads in secret, and they did not keep their necks duly under the yoke in submission to me. By those men, I am certain, they were led astray and bribed to do this deed.
290

Nothing so evil as money ever grew to be current among men. This destroys cities, this drives men from their homes, this trains and warps honest minds to set themselves to works of shame,
295

this teaches people to practise villainies, and to know every act of unholiness. But all the men who did this job for hire have made sure that, sooner or later, they shall suffer the punishment. Now, as Zeus still has my reverence, know this well—
300

I tell you on my oath. If you do not find the very hand that made this burial, and reveal him before my eyes, mere death shall not suffice for you, not before, hung up alive, you have made this outrage plain,
305

so that hereafter you may thieve with better knowledge of where your money should be received from, and learn that it is best not to be fond of money-making from any and every source. For you will find that ill-gotten gains bring more men to ruin than to safety.
310

315

Guard

Will you allow me to speak? Or shall I just turn and go?
315

Creon

Do you not know even now how much your voice sickens me?

Guard

Is the pain in your ears, or in your soul?

Creon

And why would you define the seat of my pain?

Guard

He who did it hurts your heart, but I, your ears.

Creon

God! How plain it is that you are a born babbler.
320

Guard

Perhaps, but never the author of this action.

Creon

Yes, and what is more, you sold your life for silver.

Guard

Ah! It is truly sad when the judge judges wrong .

Creon

Expound on judgment as you will. But, if you fail to

show me the perpetrators of these crimes, you will avow that money basely earned wreaks sorrows. Exit Creon.
325

Guard

Well, may the man be found! That would be best. But, whether he be caught or not—for fortune must decide that—I assure you that you will not see me come here again.

Saved just now beyond hope and belief, I owe the gods great thanks. Exit the Guard.
330

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-511-1 προβᾶσ’ … πολύ ¹ προσέπεσες ²

mvp-comment-511-2 πολύ ³ ἐσχάτου ⁴ προσέπεσες ⁵

mvp-comment-512-1 πατρῷόν τινα … ἆθλον ⁶ τινά ⁷

mvp-comment-512-2 ἐκτίνεις ⁸

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

852. mvp-comment-490-1 Advancing to the utmost verge of daring thou didst fall violently, my daughter, against the lofty throne of Right. ἐκτίνεισ Α.

854. mvp-comment-491-1 βάθρον is here the pedestal on which the image of justice is imagined to rest. Cp. Plat. Phaedr. 254 B, ἰδόντος δὲ τοῦ ἡνιόχου ἡ μνήμη πρὸς τὴν τοῦ κάλλους φύσιν ἠνέχθη. καὶ πάλιν εἶδεν αὐτὴν μετὰ σωφροσύνης ἐν ἁγνῷ βάθρῳ βεβῶσαν, Ο. Τ. 865, νόμοι. . ὑψίποδες.

855. mvp-comment-492-1 πολύ is allowed to pass by Hermann without comment, but has been more recently called in question, partly on the metrical ground that the line should end with a long syllable.

855. mvp-comment-492-2 πολύς is certainly no improvement. On the attempt to give special force to such a general word, see Essay on Language § 51. p. 97.

856. mvp-comment-493-1 But thou art paying some debt of expiation inherited from thy sire.' άθλος is here a task or burden imposed by some higher power, like the labours of Heracles, and is perhaps associated by Sophocles with the derivative ἄθλιος. The combined metaphorical use of ἆθλος and ἐκτίνειν is not too great a stretch of language for Sophocles. Essay on Language p. 105.

857. mvp-comment-494-1 Thou hast touched my saddest thought, the thrice-told tale of my father's sorrow.' Boeckh has cleared up the difficulties of this passage (1) by showing that οἶκτον harmonizes better with the context than οἶτον or οἶκον, and also gives a construction to πότμου: (2) by tracing the derivation of τριπόλιστον from πολίζω = πολέω, which occurs in the compound avναπολίζω : (3) by rightly explaining the dative Λαβδακίδαισιν. See Essay on Language § 13. p. 19. He also points out that μερίμνας is genitive, because the singular is more forcible, and μέριμναν would have suited the metre equally well. The only remaining doubt is the construction of οἶκτον.

857. mvp-comment-494-2 ψαύειν may govern the accusative, as appears from 961. But the change from the genitive to the accusative is still to be accounted for. (1) The word ἔψαυσας was chosen with special reference to μερίμνας. ἔλεξας, or some other general word, would have been sufficient if this had not intervened. Hence the general meaning of the verb (= ἔλεξας) is alone continued. (2) The case is partly governed by the verbal notion in μερίμνας = 8 μεριμνῶ. (3) The tendency of a Greek sentence is to pass from a more special to a more general construction. Essay on Language pp. 64, 5, οἶκτον is to be resumed with πότμου, which is co-ordinate with πατρός. Thou hast harped on what my mind broods over with saddest care, the thrice renewed pity for my father, and for the general fortune of our race, the lot that fell upon the famed Labdacidae. Seyffert thinks that in τριπόλιστον Antigone is thinking of her own ever-deepening grief. But the Scholiast and Boeckh are probably right in explaining the word (like κλεινοῖς) with reference to the widely felt compassion for Oedipus. Cp. O. C. 517, τό τοι πολὺ καὶ μηδαμὰ λῆγον: ib. 597, πᾶς τοῦτό γ' Ἑλλήνων θροεῖ. For τριπόλιστον, cp. Phil. 1238, δὶς ταὐτὰ βούλει καὶ τρὶς ἀναπολεῖν μ' ἔπη.