Sophocles Trachiniae 180

Robert Potter (Translator)

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My royal Mistress, I am come the first
180
To bear thee tidings, which from all thy fears
180
Will set thee free: know then Alcides lives,
And is victorious; to his country's gods
He brings the consecrated spoils of war.

Trachiniae. Sophocles. Robert Potter (Translator). London. 1820.

Current edition Experimental

English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Robert Potter, 1788))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (2)
Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 180 focus
δέσποινα Δῃάνειρα, πρῶτος ἀγγέλων
180
ὄκνου σε λύσω· τὸν γὰρ ᾿Αλκμήνης τόκον
καὶ ζῶντ᾽ ἐπίστω καὶ κρατοῦντα κἀκ κρατοῦντακ ακ κρατοῦντα . κάκ μάχης
ἄγοντ᾽ ἀπαρχὰς θεοῖσι τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις.
Greek (F. Storr, 1912) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. Storr, 1912)) — 205-496 focus
Translations (4)
English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 180 focus
Queen Dêanira, mine shall be the tongue
180
To free thee first from fear. Alcmena’s child
Is living, be assured, and triumphing,
And bringing to our Gods the fruits of war.
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 180 focus
Ich bin der erste Bote, der von deiner Angst
Dich löst, o Deianeira; denn Alkmene's Sohn
175
Er lebt, und kommt als Sieger, und vom Kampfe bringt
Er unsers Landes Göttern hier die Erstlinge.
English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 180 focus
I come, my royal mistress, to remove
180
Thy fears, and bring the first glad tidings to thee,
180
To tell thee that Alcmena's son returns
With life and victory ; e'en now he comes
To lay before his country's gods the spoils
Of glorious war.
English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904)) — 141-495 focus

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-92-1 πρῶτος ἀγγέλων 1

mvp-comment-93-1 γὰρ 2

mvp-comment-93-2 κρατοῦντα 3

mvp-comment-93-3 ἀπαρχὰς 4 τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις 5

mvp-comment-94-1 τίνα … τόνδε 6

mvp-comment-95-1 πολύζηλον 7

mvp-comment-95-2 φανέντα 8

mvp-comment-95-3 κράτει νικηφόρῳ 9

mvp-comment-96-1 ἀστῶν ἢ ξένων 10

mvp-comment-97-1 βουθερεῖ 11

mvp-comment-98-1 τοι 12

mvp-comment-99-1 εἴπερ εὐτυχεῖ 13

mvp-comment-99-2 193 (

ἄπεστιν
), οὐκ εὐμ. χρώμενος 14

mvp-comment-100-1 Μηλιεὺς 15

mvp-comment-100-2 ἅπας 16

mvp-comment-101-1 κρίνει 17

mvp-comment-101-2 παραστάς 18 κύκλῳ 19 περιστάς 20

mvp-comment-101-3 βῆναι 21

mvp-comment-102-1 τὸ γὰρ ποθοῦν 22 τὸ … ποθοῦν 23 τὰ γὰρ ποθείν’ 24

mvp-comment-102-2 (1) If τὸ … ποθοῦν 25

mvp-comment-102-3 (2) τὸ ποθοῦν ἐκμαθεῖν 26 ἐκμαθεῖν 27 τὸ ποθοῦν 28

mvp-comment-102-4 (3) It remains, then, to take τὸ ποθοῦν 29

mvp-comment-103-1 οὐχ ἑκών, ἑκοῦσι δὲ 30

mvp-comment-104-1 τὸν Οἴτης ἄτομον … λειμῶν’ 31 ἄτομον 32

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

180. mvp-comment-141-1 πρῶτος ἀγγέλων] This busy-body, who is somewhat like the Φύλαξ in the Antigone, though not quite so mean, has rushed in before Lichas in the hope of getting some reward (infr. 191).

183. mvp-comment-142-1 ἀπαρχάς] Including the captives, see below, l. 245.

184. mvp-comment-143-1 Deianira is too much overcome by the announcement to realise it at once. Cp. Phil. 917-19, ib. 1380, where an unwelcome statement is received in the same vacant way: O. Τ. 359, λέγ᾽ αὖθις, ὡς μᾶλλον μάθω : Aesch. Ag. 268, πῶς φής; πέφευγε τοὔπος ἐξ ἀπιστίας.

186. mvp-comment-144-1 σὺν κράτει νικηφόρῳ] · Bringing with him triumphant conquest.'

188. mvp-comment-145-1 βουθερεῖ] 'Where the oxen in summer feed.' The summer grass is the harvest (θέρος) of the cattle. This is more picturesque (esp. with ἄτομον λειμώνα following, infr. 200) than Bovθόρῳ, 'Where the oxen leap.'

189. mvp-comment-146-1 τοῦ] (a) With κλύων, (b) with ἀπῇξα.

190. mvp-comment-147-1 τοι] 'Το say sooth.' The particle introduces the avowal of his motive. Cp. esp. El. 1468, 9. ὅπως | τὸ συγγενές τοι κἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ θρήνων τύχῃ. The candour of the messenger here resembles that of the Corinthian in O. T. 1005, καὶ μὴν μάλιστα τοῦτ᾽ ἀφικόμην, ὅπως | σοῦ πρὸς δόμους ἐλθόντος εὖ πράξαιμί τι. Cp. also the Old Man in the Electra, when assuming a similar character, 772, μάτην ἄρ᾽ ἡμεῖς, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἥκομεν.

192. mvp-comment-148-1 αὐτός] 'Lichas himself.' εἴπερ εὐτυχεῖ] Sc. ὁ Λίχας. If all is well with him.'

193. mvp-comment-149-1 οὐκ εὐμαρείᾳ χρώμενος πολλῇ] 'Being not altogether his own master; i. e. he is detained, not quite of his own free will.

194. mvp-comment-150-1 Μηλιεύς .. λεώς] The Melian people and the Trachinians are the same in the mind of Sophocles. Cp. his indifference about Calydon and Pleuron in l. 7. The gentile substantive is used for the adjective, as often elsewhere. 'All the Melian folk press round and question him (cp. infr. 314), nor can he advance a step.'

195. mvp-comment-151-1 κρίνει . . ἔχει] There is no difficulty in the change of subject. See Essay on L. § 36. p. 65.

196. mvp-comment-152-1 τὸ . . ποθοῦν.. ἐκμαθεῖν] Το satisfy his longing with full information.' For this use of the active neuter participle, see Essay on L. § 30. p. 51. The abstract notion is here put for the object, the desire of knowledge, for the knowledge desired. Cp. Shak. Temp. 1. 2. 176, For still 'tis beating in my mind.'

197. mvp-comment-153-1 οὐκ ἂν μεθεῖτο] (1) 'Refuse to let him go. The third person is used as the first might have been, οὐκ ἂν μεθείμην σε, 'I will not let thee go.' See Aristophanes, Ran. 830, οὐκ ἂν μεθείμην τοῦ θρόνου: Αj. 313, εἰ μὴ φανοίην, and note. Or (2), 'He is not likely to be let go.' καθ' ἡδονήν] ‘To their heart's content.' κατά, as in κατὰ νοῦν.

198. mvp-comment-154-1 οὐχ ἑκών, ἑκοῦσι δέ] 'Not of his will, but by theirs.' Cp. Odyss. 5. 155, παρ᾿ οὐκ ἐθέλων ἐθελούσῃ.

200. mvp-comment-155-1 foll. The mention of the precinct on Mount Oeta, which was sacred to Zeus (infr. 436, 1191), is preparatory to the death of Heracles on that spot. ἄτομον, * Inviolate.' Cp. Hymn Merc. 72, where the oxen of the gods are λειμῶνες ἀκηράσιοι, a Cretan inscription (Corp. Inscr. 2. 1103), ἵνα μηθεὶς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Δικταίου μήτε ἐννέμῃ μήτε ἐναυλοστατῇ μήτε σπείρῃ μήτε ξυλεύῃ : Eur. Hipp. 73, σοὶ τόνδε πλεκτὸν στέφανον ἐξ ἀκηράτου, κ.τ.λ.: Hom H. Ven. 269, 70, ἑστᾶσ᾽ ἠλίβατοι· τεμένη δέ ἑ κικλήσκουσιν | ἀθανάτων· τὰς δ᾽ οὔτι βροτοὶ κείρουσι σιδήρῳ.