Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Adolf Wahrmund (Translator), 6.5

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Später aber wurden sie von Samiern und andern Joniern
vertrieben, die, vor den Medern geflohen, in Sieilien landeten. Die
Samier hinwieder vertrieb nicht lange danach Anaxilas, der Rheginer
Tyrann, und führte in die Stadt eine gemischte Bevölkerung und
nannte sie Messana nach seinem eigenen alten Vaterlande. Himera
ist von Zankle aus gegründet worden durch Eukleides und Simos
und Sakon; und das Volk in der Ansiedelung war meist chalkidisch;
es zogen zu ihnen aber auch Vertriebene aus Syrakus, die man
Myletiden nannte und die durch eine feindliche Partei besiegt worden waren. ¹²³⁴⁵
Ihre Sprache bildete sich zu einem Gemisch von chalkidisch und
dorisch, doch galten die chalkidischen Gesetze. Akrä und Kasmenä
wurden von Syrakusiern gegründet, Akrä siebenzig Jahre nach Syrakus,
Kasmenä um zwanzig Jahre später als Akrä. Auch Kamarina
wurde zuerst durch Syrakusier angelegt, gegen
hundertundfünfunddreißig Jahre nach der Gründung von Syrakus. Gründer waren
Daskon und MenekoloS. Als aber die Kamariner wegen ihres
Abfalls von den Syrakusiern mit den Waffen ausgetrieben worden waren,
und einige Zeit danach Hippokrates ^), Tyrann von Gela, das Land
der Kamariner als Lösegeld für kriegsgesangene Syrakusische Männer
erhielt, so wurde er zweiter Gründer und bevölkerte die Stadt von
Neuem. Aber zum zweiten Mal wurden die Bewohner durch Gelon
ausgetrieben, und die Stadt erhielt dann ihre dritte Bevölkerung
durch die Gelaner.

History of the Peloponnesian War. Thucydides. Adolf Wahrmund (Translator). Stuttgart. 1864.

Current edition First1KGreek

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs (German) (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Wahrmund, Adolf, translator. Stuttgart: Krais and Hoffmann, 1864.)

Editions (1)

Ἱστορίαι Perseus (Thucydides. Historiae, Vol 1-2. Jones, Henry Stuart, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1910. (1942 printing).) — 6.5.1 focus

[1] καὶ Ἱμέρα ἀπὸ Ζάγκλης ᾠκίσθη ὑπὸ Εὐκλείδου καὶ Σίμου καὶ Σάκωνος, καὶ Χαλκιδῆς μὲν οἱ πλεῖστοι ἦλθον ἐς τὴν ἀποικίαν, ξυνῴκισαν δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐκ Συρακουσῶν φυγάδες στάσει νικηθέντες, οἱ Μυλητίδαι καλούμενοι· καὶ φωνὴ μὲν μεταξὺ τῆς τε Χαλκιδέων καὶ Δωρίδος ἐκράθη, νόμιμα δὲ τὰ Χαλκιδικὰ ἐκράτησεν.

[2] Ἄκραι δὲ καὶ Κασμέναι ὑπὸ Συρακοσίων ᾠκίσθησαν, Ἄκραι μὲν ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεσι μετὰ Συρακούσας, Κασμέναι δ’ ἐγγὺς εἴκοσι μετὰ Ἄκρας.

[3] καὶ Καμάρινα τὸ πρῶτον ὑπὸ Συρακοσίων ᾠκίσθη, ἔτεσιν ἐγγύτατα πέντε καὶ τριάκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν μετὰ Συρακουσῶν κτίσιν· οἰκισταὶ δὲ ἐγένοντο αὐτῆς Δάσκων καὶ Μενέκωλος. ἀναστάτων δὲ Καμαριναίων γενομένων πολέμῳ ὑπὸ Συρακοσίων δι’ ἀπόστασιν, χρόνῳ Ἱπποκράτης ὕστερον Γέλας τύραννος, λύτρα ἀνδρῶν Συρακοσίων αἰχμαλώτων λαβὼν τὴν γῆν τὴν Καμαριναίων, αὐτὸς οἰκιστὴς γενόμενος κατῴκισε Καμάριναν. καὶ αὖθις ὑπὸ Γέλωνος ἀνάστατος γενομένη τὸ τρίτον κατῳκίσθη ὑπὸ Γελῴων.

Translations (9)

The History of the Grecian War Perseus (Thucydides. The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury. Hobbes, Thomas. translator. London: John Bohn, 1843.) — 6.5.1 focus

[1] After Zancle was built Himera, by Eucleides, Simus, and Sacon, the most of which colony were Chalcideans; but there were also amongst them certain outlaws of Syracuse, the vanquished part of a sedition, called the Myletidae. Their language grew to a mean between the Chalcidean and Doric; but the laws of the Chalcidean prevailed.

[2] Acrae and Casmenae were built by the Syracusians, Acrae twenty years after Syracuse, and Casmenae almost twenty after Acrae.

[3] Camarina was at first built by the Syracusians, very near the hundred and thirty-fifth year of their own city, Dascon and Menecolus being the conductors. But the Camarinaeans having been by the Syracusians driven from their seat by war for revolt, Hippocrates, tyrant of Gela, in process of time, taking of the Syracusians that territory for ransom of certain Syracusian prisoners, became their founder, and placed them in Camarina again. After this again, having been driven thence by Gelon, they were planted the third time in the same city.

History of the Peloponnesian War Perseus (Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Crawley, Richard, translator. London and Toronto: J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd.; New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1914.) — 6.5.1 focus

[1] Himera was founded from Zancle by Euclides, Simus, and Sacon, most of those who went to the colony being Chalcidians; though they were joined by some exiles from Syracuse , defeated in a civil war, called the Myletidae. The language was a mixture of Chalcidian and Doric, but the institutions which prevailed were the Chalcidian.

[2] Acrae and Casmenae were founded by the Syracusans; Acrae seventy years after Syracuse , Casmenae nearly twenty after Acrae .

[3] Camarina was first founded by the Syracusans, close upon a hundred and thirty-five years after the building of Syracuse ; its founders being Daxon and Menecolus. But the Camarinaeans being expelled by arms by the Syracusans for having revolted, Hippocrates, tyrant of Gela , some time later receiving their land in ransom for some Syracusan prisoners, resettled Camarina, himself acting as its founder. Lastly, it was again depopulated by Gelo, and settled once more for the third time by the Geloans.

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs First1KGreek (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Braun, Theodor, translator. Leipzig: Insel-Verlag, 1917.) — 6.5 focus

Von Zankte aus wurde auch Himera gegründet durch Eu
kleides, Simos und Sakon. Die Kolonisten waren meist
Chalkidier, doch ließen sich mit ihnen auch Syrakuser dort
nieder, die sogenannten Myletiden, welche bei einem Aufstande
besiegt und auS der Stadt verbannt worden waren. Die
Sprache wurde ein Gemisch aus Chalkidisch und Dorisch; doch
galt chalkidisches Recht. Akrai und Kasmenai wurden von
Syrakus gegründet, Akrai siebzig Jahr nach Syrakus, Kas
menai etwa zwanzig Jahr später. Auch Kamarina war ursprüng
lich eine Kolonie von Syrakus und wurde ungefähr hundert
fünfunddreißig Jahr nach Syrakus gegründet. Gründer waren
DaSkon und Menekolos. Die Kamariner fielen jedoch von
Syrakus ab und wurden deshalb von den Syrakusern mit
Waffengewalt vertrieben. Später wurde das Gebiet der Ka
mariner gegen Losgabe kriegsgefangener Syrakuser an den
Tyrannen Hippokrates von Gela abgetreten, der nun selbst
Kolonisten dorthin führte. Und als Gelon auch diese wieder
vertrieben hatte, wurde der Ort, nun zum drittenmal, von
Gela mit Kolonisten besetzt.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponèse First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése, Vol. 1-2. Zévort, Marie Charles, translator. Paris: Charpentier, 1852.) — 6.5 focus

V. Himère, colonie de Zancle, fut fondée par Euclides, Simos et Sacon. Elle fut peuplée surtout de Chalcidiens, auxquels se joignirent des Syracusains nommés Milétides, vaincus et expulsés à la suite d’une sédition. La langue dominante était un mélange de chalcidien et de dorien; les institutions se rapprochaient davantage de celles des Chalcidiens.

Acré et Casméné furent fondées par les Syracusains : Acré, soixante-dix ans après Syracuse; Gasméné, environ vingt ans après Acré.

¹²

Camarina fut d’abord une colonie syracusaine, fondée par Dascon et Ménécolos, environ cent trente-cinq ans après la fondation de Syracuse³. Mais les Camarinéens s’étant révoltés contre les Syracusains, ceux-ci les chassèrent, et donnèrent plus tard le territoire de Camarina à Hippocrate, tyran de Géla, comme rançon de prisonniers syracusains. Hippocrate établit une colonie à Camarina et en devint ainsi lui-même le fondateur. Plus tard, les nouveaux habitants furent à leur tour chassés par Gélon, qni la colonisa pour la troisième fois.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése. Bétant, Élie-Ami, translator. Paris: Librairie de L. Hachette, 1863.) — 6.5 focus

Himéra, colonie de Zanclé, eut pour fondateurs Euclidès, Simos et Sacon. Elle fut peuplée par des Chalcidéens, auxquels s’adjoignirent des exilés de Syracuse, vaincus dans une émeute et appelés Mylétides. Leur idiome fut un amalgame du chalcidéen et du dorien ; mais la législation chalcidéenne prévalut.

Acræ et Casmènes furent fondées par des Syracusains, la première soixante-dix ans après Syracuse, la seconde vingt an» après Acræ.

Camarine fut originairement fondée par des Syracusains, environ cent trente-cinq ans après Syracuse. Les conducteurs de la colonie furent Dascon et Ménécolos. Mais elle fut détruite par les Syracusains parce qu’elle s'était révoltée. Dans la suite, Hippocratès, tyran de Géla, reçut le territoire de Camarine pour rançon de prisonniers syracusains, et devint le nouveau fondateur de cette ville. Plus tard elle fut dépeuplée derechef par Gélon, puis restaurée pour la troisième fois par les habitants de Géla¹.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides, Vol. 1-4. Smith, Charles Foster, translator. London and Cambridge, MA: Heinemann and Harvard University Press, 1919-1923.) — 6.5.1 focus

[1] Himera¹ was colonized from Zancle by Eucleides, Simus and Sacon. Most of the colonists were Chalcidians; but there settled with them also fugitives from Syracuse who had been vanquished in a factional quarrel, the Myletidae as they were called. Their language was a mixture of Chalcidic and Doric, but Chalcidic institutions prevailed. Acrae and Casmenae were colonized by the Syracusans:

[2] Acrae² seventy years after Syracuse, Casmenae³ nearly twenty years after Acrae.

[3] Camarina⁴ was first colonized by the Syracusans, just about one hundred and thirty-five years after the foundation of Syracuse, its founders being Dascon and Menecolus. But the Camarinaeans were driven out by the Syracusans in a war which arose from a revolt, and some time later Hippocrates, tyrant of Gela,⁵ receiving the territory of the Camarinaeans as ransom for some Syracusan prisoners of war, himself became founder and recolonized Camarina. And again the place was depopulated by Gelon, and was then colonized for the third time by the Geloans.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides. The history of the Peloponnesian War, Volume 1-2. Dale, Henry, translator. London: Heinemann and Henry G. Bohn, 1851-1852.) — 6.5.1 focus

[1] Himera was founded from Zancle by Euclides, Simus, and Saco, and most of those who went to the colony were Chalcidians, though there were also united with them some exiles from Syracuse, who had been defeated in a strife of factions—the Mylaetidae, as they are called. The language was a mixture of the Chalcidian and Dorian; but the Chalcidian were the prevailing institutions.

[2] Acrae and Casmenae were founded by the Syracusans; Acrae seventy years after Syracuse, and Casmenae nearly twenty years after Acrae.

[3] Camarina was in the first instance founded by the Syracusans, just about a hundred and thirty-five years after the building of Syracuse, its founders being Dascon and Menecolus. But the Camarinaeans having been driven out after a war by the Syracusans on account of their revolting from them, some time after, Hippocrates, tyrant of Gela, having received their territory as a ransom for some Syracusan prisoners, himself acting as founder, re-settled Camarina. And having again been depopulated by Gelo, it was settled for the third time by the Geloans.

Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci First1KGreek (Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci. Haase, Friedrich, translator. Paris: Firmin Didot, 1869.) — 6.5.1 focus

[1] Atque Himerae Zancle colonia ab Eodide et Simo et Sacooe coodita est, et Chalcidenses quidem maximo nnmero in istam coloniam venerant, sed una cum iis habitaverant et Syracusani exsules, a contraria factione superati, qui Myletidae vocantur; et lingua quidem istorum est medium quoddam genus ex Chalcidica et Dorica mixtum, leges vero Chalcidenses obtinuerant

[2] Aene autem et Casmense a Syracusanis conditae sunt, et Aerae quidem septuaginta annis post Syracusas, Casmenae vero viginti cirriter post Aeras.

[3] Et Camarina primum a Syracusanis condita est, ferme centum et triginta quinque annis post Syracusas conditas; conditores ejus vero fuerant Dascon et Menecoios. Quum autem Camarinaei a Syracusanis propter defectionem bello ex suis sedibus expulsi essent, non multo post Hippocrates , Gelae tyrannus, quum pro Syracusanorum captivorum redemptione Camarinaeum agrum accepisset, ipse coloniae dux Camarinam condidit. Et rursus quum a Geloae deleta esset, tertium condita est a Gelone.

La storia di Tucidide First1KGreek (Thucydides. Della storia di Tucidide volgarizzata libri otto. Anonymous translator. Florence: Tipografia Galileiana, 1835.) — 6.5 focus

Ma poco appresso Anassila, tiranno di Reggio, cacciati i Samii e fermatosi in quella città con della gente mescolata con la rimastevi , le mutò il nome in quello di Messene tolto dall’antica sua patria. Dopo Zancle , Euclide , Simo e Sacone fondarono Imera ; ed i più che andarono in questa colonia furono Calcidesi ; ma si unirono ad abitare con essi anche i cosi detti Miletidi esuli da Siracusa , ove erano stati vinti dalla fazione contraria. Là lingua di cui usavano era un po’ calcidese , un po’dorica ; quanto alle leggi vinsero le calcidesi. Aera e Casmene furono fondate dai Siracusani ; Aera settantanni dopo Siracusa , e Casmene quasi venti dopo Aera, o in quel torno. Parimente i Siracusani fondarono la prima volta Camarina quasi cento trentacinque anni dopo la fabbricazione di Siracusa ; e capi della colonia furono Dascone e Menecolo : se non che i Camarinesi essendo stati scacciati come ribelli dalle armi dei Siracusani, poco dopo Ippocrate, tiranno di Gela, in riscatto di alcuni prigionieri siracusani ebbe il territorio camarinese ? e fattosi capo della colonia riacconciò Camarina , la quale resa deserta nuovamente da Gelone, fu poi da lui medesimo per la terza volta ripopolata.

Notes on the current edition

History of the Peloponnesian War

1. 18) 482 v. Ehr.

2. 17) 687 v. Chr.

3. 18) Xxrixeotvm, klrxentl, 579 v. Ehr. G,

4. 19) Später Messana, Mtssina.

5. 20) Turmae in Campanien.

Commentary

Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6 (Thucydides, Book VI. Marchant, Edgar C., editor. London: Macmillan and Company, 1909.) focus

δειλίᾳ δὲ κτλ —‘perhaps from cowardice you will regard your duty in relation to us and to the invaders by saying.’ Stahl and Fr. Muller think τὸ δίκαιον is ironical, since the plea of ξυμμαχία with Athens would not be justice to Syr. But Meyer points out that it would be just to both sides for Camarina to nrge ‘we have a ξυμμαχία with Athens, and only σπονδαί with Syr.’ See n. on c. 75, 3. The speaker contemplates Camarina supporting Athens on this ground of duty.

ἥν γε —restrictive: ‘you only entered into it.’

ἐπὶ τοῖς φίλοις = κατὰ τῶν φ.: cf. c. 61, 1.

τῶν δὲ ἐχθρῶν ἤν τις —‘but in case an enemy,’ the order being due to the antithesis. τοῖς γε Ἀ.—γε restrictive; βοηθεῖν of purpose: ‘to help the A. only when.’ The order is again modified to bring τοῖς Ἀ. into contrast with τοῖς φίλοις: otherwise ὅταν γε ὑπ) ἄλλων ἀδικῶνται βοηθεῖν τοῖς Ἀ .

ὅταν ὑφ) ἄλλων —sc. ἀδικῶνται from the ἀδικῶσιν following. Bauer compares II. 11 τὴν τῶν πέλας δῃοῦν μᾶλλον ἢ τὴν ἑαυτῶν ὁρᾶν, sc. δῃουμένην.

Ῥηγῖνοι —see c. 44, 3.

καὶ δεινὸν εἰ ἐκεῖνοι μὲν . . ὑμεῖς δέ —the two inconsistent thoughts are frequently so placed after δεινόν, αἱσχρόν, δεινὸν ἂν εἴη, δεινὸν ἄν μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι, etc. The tense and mood are not necessarily the same in the two clauses as they are here — σωφρονοῦσιν . . βούλεσθε—and when a neg. is required either οὐ or μή can be used in the εἰ clauses. (Cf. Shilleto on I. 121 ; Gentsch in Com. Phil. Jcn. iv. p. 299.) The former clause must be made subordinate with ‘whereas.’

τὸ ἔργον τοῦ καλοῦ δ. ὑποπτεύοντες —‘suspecting the real meaning of the specious claim’ to their help on the ground of kinship. καλοῦ is ironical. δικαίωμα is a claim just in the eyes of those who put it forward, δικαίωσις the act of putting it forward. Cf. ἐπιτήδευμα, ἐπιτήδευσις : ἀξίωμα, ἀξίωσις.

ἀλόγως —‘without reasonable cause,’ ‘show an unreasonable prudence,’ because abstract reason would require that as kinsmen they should help the Athemans.

εὐλόγῳ προφάσει —‘urging a logical pretext,’ viz. that you have a ξυμμαχία with Athens. εὐλόγῳ, like ἀλόγως, is ironical, the contrast throughout being between logic and prudence.

φύσει πολεμίους —they are only λόγῳ or ξυμμαχίᾳ φίλοι.

ἔτι μᾶλλον —becanse besides being Dorians they were also close neighbours.

ἀλλ) οὐ δίκαιον —sc. διαφθεῖραι κτλ. Notice the commonplace argument from τὸ δίκαιον .

ἀμύνειν δέ —sc. δίκαιον τοῖς φύσει ξυγγενέσι.

ὅπερ οὗτοὶ ς —cf. c. 10, 4.

τάναντία is adverbial.

πρὸς ἡμᾶς μόνους —alluding to the previous battle, c. 65 ff.

Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 6.5

Adolf Wahrmund (Translator)

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